Read this chapter and begin filling in the outline below before attending the lecture on this material.

Chapter Outline:

I.  CELL DIVISION

1.  Chromosome Structure -

Eukaryotic Chromosomes = DNA + Proteins

 

Total number of chromosomes in humans = 46  (23 pairs)

Karyotypes =

2.  The Cell's Life Cycle -

Interphase - 90% of the cell's life is spent in interphase
                    G1, S, G2

4 Stages of MITOSIS - nuclear division

PROPHASE

METAPHASE

ANAPHASE

TELOPHASE
        Cytokinesis
       Cell Plate
       Cleavage Furrow

*Be sure you can identify the stages of mitosis and interphase - see figure 6.8 in your text
 

II.  CANCER - a growth disorder of cells caused by uncontrolled cell division
*1 of every 4 deaths in U.S. is caused by cancer
30% of those are deaths from LUNG CANCER

        1.  Tumor -
        2.  Sarcoma -
        3.  Carcinoma -
        4.  Metastases -
        5.  Carcinogens -
        6.  Mutagens  -
               *in cigarettes, vinyl chloride, benzo pyrenes, nicotine derivatives
         7.  Oncogenes - genes which have the potential to cause cancer (usually genes which are associated with cell growth)

Life Application:  Read pgs. 548-549, "The Nature of Lung Cancer"
 

        Cancer Treatments -
                Surgery, Radiation, Chemotherapy (pgs. 146-147)
 
 

III.  MEIOSIS -

Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces cells with half the number of  chromosomes as the parent cell (n);
These cells are known as gametes (eggs, sperm)

Sexual Reproduction results in the combination of an egg and sperm which produces genetically unique individuals (23 + 23 = 46)  46 = 2n

HAPLOID =

DIPLOID =

The STAGES OF MEIOSIS =

PROPHASE I
METAPHASE I
ANAPHASE I
TELOPHASE

PROPHASE II
METAPHASE II
ANAPHASE II
TELOPHASE II
 

Crossover - occurs between non-sister  chromatids of homologous chromosomes;  pieces of genetic material are exchanged

Crossover
 

BACK TO INDEX